The Noble Assembly House was one of the public and cultural centers of the city. The first public museum-room was housed in this building. In the 30s of the 19th century, the first public library in Poltava operated in it, the trustee of which was the Ukrainian folklorist Mykola Tsertelev. In 1881, the Ukrainian and French artist Maria Bashkirtseva performed in the hall of the Noble Assembly. During the Second World War, the building was burned down, and in 1945-1947 it was rebuilt.
A cinema named after Ivan Kotlyarevsky worked there for a long time.
The building of the Poltava noble assembly is part of the architectural ensemble of the Round Square. By Resolution No. 396 of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine dated May 23, 2018, the guard house No. 160035 was entered into the State Register of Immovable Monuments of Ukraine as an architectural monument of national significance.
On the night of December 9, 2020, the building was badly damaged by fire.
The building, built in the classicism style, is the only one that has preserved the heraldic symbol of the provincial time.